Phoenix Cheat Sheet

CM indicates Orion capsule and service module. LM indicates Altair lunar lander.

Phoenix 1-X

8-25-10. Unmanned. First test of Jupiter 246-B with four SRBs, and Orion capsule.

• Failure - Launch proceeded normally until 98 seconds into the flight, at which point the vehicle exploded. The cause of the accident was determined to be a computer fault which led to an accidental firing of the range safety system after a command to shut down an engine due to fuel issues was misinterpreted. The launch escape system was activated and successfully pulled the unmanned Orion away from the launcher.

Phoenix 1-Y

11-12-10. Unmanned. Test of Jupiter 246-B with four SRBs, and Orion capsule.

• Success - First successful launch of Jupiter 246-B. Jupiter Upper Stage successfully boosted the Orion capsule to a 100,000 mile elliptical orbit for high speed atmospheric reentry testing.

Phoenix 1-Z

12-7-10. Unmanned. Test of Jupiter 246-B with four SRBs, Orion capsule, and Altair lander.

• Success - All-up test of complete lunar flight. Unmanned launch, followed by automated transposition and docking in Earth orbit, Earth departure, and lunar orbit insertion. Altair lander, nicknamed "Explorer" by controllers, successfully performed an unmanned landing on the Moon in the Sea of Tranquility on December 11, collected samples of lunar soil and activated a small robotic rover, and lifted off. The ascent stage lifted off and docked with the orbiting Orion, transferred samples, and was discarded. The capsule landed at Edwards Air Force Base on December 16.

PJ-204

6-20-11. Phoenix-Jupiter 204. Unmanned. Lunar landing. Landing at Shackleton crater. Assorted building materials and tools for the Neil A. Armstrong Lunar Outpost. Primary payload will be robotic construction equipment which will prepare main base location and which will begin construction of the base. Secondary payload will be robotic rover competing in Google Lunar X Prize.

Phoenix 2 (CM: Draco, LM: Voyager)

7-4-11. Manned. First manned Jupiter 246-B with four SRBs. Orion capsule and Altair lander.

• American - Logan Wilson (Bengal tiger)
• American - Luke Buchanan (Dragon)
• American - Kane Blackwell (Coyote)
• American (NASA) - Alexander Bishop (Panther)

Phoenix 3 (CM: Discovery, LM: Serenity)

9-30-11. Manned. Lunar orbital mission. Survey of landing site and test of docking/un-docking techniques procedures in lunar orbit. Possible lunar orbit EVA. First manned flight to leave Low Earth Orbit since 1972.

• American - Frank Rosewood (Snow leopard)
• American - Patrick Tucker (Wolf)
• American - Daniel Baxter (Mountain lion)
• ESA (England) - Riley A. Harris (Arctic wolf)

Phoenix 4 (CM: Aurora, LM: Enterprise)

12-19-11 to 1-4-12. Manned. Lunar landing. First landing since Apollo 17. Planned landing at Vallis Schröteri. First lunar rover since Apollo 17. Mission expected to be one week sortie.

• American - Harold Hamilton (Wolf)
• American - David Sanders (Siberian tiger)
• ESA (Finland) - Karri Litmanen (Finnish Lapphund)
• Russian - Vasili Petrov (Wolf)

PJ-208

1-16-12. Phoenix-Jupiter 208. Unmanned. Lunar landing. Landing at Shackleton crater. Assorted building materials and tools for the Neil A. Armstrong Lunar Outpost.

Phoenix 5 (CM: Wallace, LM: Gromit)

3-12-12. Manned. Lunar landing. Planned landing at Hyginus in Sinus Medii. Lunar rover. Geology and general science mission. Mission expected to be one week sortie.

• American - Frank Benford (Jaguar)
• American - Jack Ashcroft (German Shepherd)
• ESA (England) - Sandra Cunningham (Border Collie)
• JAXA - Ikumi Tahara (Red panda)

Phoenix 6 (CM: Constitution, LM: Endeavour)

7-4-12. Manned. Lunar landing. Planned landing at Shackleton crater. Possible rover. Begin survey of site for the Neil A. Armstrong Lunar Outpost. Primary goal will be to study hydrogen levels and attempt to find water. Mission expected to be 14 day "extended sortie". Small inflatable habitat will be attached to lander for crew use.

• American - Chris Sonnier (Alligator)
• American - Arthur Cohen (Lion)
• American (NASA) - Guillermo Valdez (Mexican wolf)
• Callentine - Ellen Prothero (Snow leopard)

Phoenix 7-A

Unmanned. Lunar landing. Landing at Shackleton crater. Assorted building materials and tools for the Neil A. Armstrong Lunar Outpost. Primary payload will be temporary inflatable habitat and greenhouses for construction crews.

Phoenix 7-B

Unmanned. Lunar landing. Landing at Shackleton crater. Assorted building materials and tools for the Neil A. Armstrong Lunar Outpost. Primary payload will be robotic construction equipment which will prepare main base location and which will begin construction of the base.

Phoenix 7-C

Unmanned. Lunar landing. Landing at Shackleton crater. Assorted building materials and tools for the Neil A. Armstrong Lunar Outpost. Primary payload will be primary inflatable base habitat. Scheduled to launch shortly after Phoenix 8 crew arrives. May also contain base components for later installation.

Phoenix 8 (CM: Atlantis, LM: Discovery)

11-14-12. Manned. Lunar landing. Landing at Shackleton crater. Rover and associated building material. Continue construction of the Neil A. Armstrong Lunar Outpost.

• American - Harold Hamilton (Wolf)
• American - David Sanders (Siberian tiger)
• American - Ian Rubin (Fox)
• American - Fractal Rubin (Hoomiku)
  • Crew was nicknamed "the All-Americans" by ground controllers.

Phoenix 9 (CM: Columbia, LM: Challenger)

1-17-13. Manned. Lunar landing. Landing at Shackleton crater. Associated building material. Continue construction of the Neil A. Armstrong Lunar Outpost.

• American - David Hawthorne (Leopard)
• American - Matthew Ozark (Lion)
• Canadian - Gloria Rogers (Dalmatian)
• American - Sandra Harris (Melanistic black-backed jackal)

Phoenix 10 (CM: Pioneer, LM: Sojourner)

3-10-13. Manned. First lunar far-side mission. Planned landing at Tsiolkovskiy. Lunar rover. Geology and general science mission. Mission expected to be one to two week sortie. Communications relayed via Luna-Com satellite network.

• American - Mark Collins (German Shepherd)
• American - Jessica Dempsey (Raccoon)
• Russian - Ivan Abramoff (Fox)
• Russian - Sergey Zubarev (West Siberian Laika)

Phoenix 11 (CM: Blue Jay, LM: Cardinal)

4-18-13. Manned. Lunar base crew rotation. Assorted building materials. Landing at Shackleton crater.

• Canadian - Robert Carter (Canada lynx)
• American (NASA) - Thomas Daniels (Fox)
• Russian - Tatiana Bocharova (Amur Leopard)
• Chinese - Ming Ko (Red panda)

Phoenix 12 (CM: Beagle, LM: Calypso)

6-16-13. Manned. First lunar north pole mission. Landing at Peary crater. Lunar rover. Geology and general science mission. Two week sortie. Possible survey for future base location.

• American (NASA) - Benjamin Burke (German Shepherd)
• American - Donald Hurley (Labrador Retriever)
• ESA (Italy) - Alighiero Moretti (Rabbit)
• JAXA - Noboru Akiyama (Bengal tiger)

Phoenix 13 (CM: Pelican, LM: Hawk)

9-10-13. Manned. Lunar base crew rotation. Assorted building materials. Landing at Shackleton crater.

• American - Matthias Keller (Border collie)
• American - Ross Gutierrez (Jaguar)
• ESA (Germany) - Wolfgang Roth (Skunk)
• ESA (Italy) - Domenico Lombardi (Genet)

Phoenix 14 (CM: Yin, LM: Yang)

1-4-14. Manned. Lunar base crew rotation. Landing at Shackleton crater.

• American - Kenneth Wilkinson (Stoat)
• Russian - Tamara Tokareva (Laika)
• Emirati - Houd Wajid Toma (Golden jackal)
• Chinese - Yul Chao (Panda)

Phoenix 15 (CM: Bogey, LM: Birdie)

2-8-14. Manned. Landing at Tycho crater. Lunar rover. Geology and general science mission. Two week sortie.

• American - Edward Ibarra (German Shepherd)
• American - Herb Simmons (Dalmatian)
• American (NASA) - Kenneth Rogers (Tiger)
• American (NASA) - Junior 'Kid' Cruz (Black-footed ferret)

Phoenix 16 (CM: Siegfried, LM: Brunhilde)

6-10-14. Manned. Lunar base crew rotation. Landing at Shackleton crater.

• ESA (Germany) - Matthias Kortig (Wolf)
• American - Eric Dunbar (Golden jackal)
• China - Dewei Hsiung (Panda)
• JAXA - Isato Tanikawa (Red panda)

Phoenix 17 (CM: Arrow, LM: Grand Slam)

10-5-14. Manned. Lunar base crew rotation. Landing at Shackleton crater.

• American - Judy Douglas (Leopard)
• Canadian - Troy Woodruff (Arctic fox)
• ESA (Spain) - Eduardo Fuentes (Iberian lynx)
• South Korean - Myeong Song (Snow leopard)

Phoenix 18 (CM: Danube, LM: Mystic)

11-19-14. Manned. Landing at Tycho crater, targeting Surveyor 7 site. Lunar rover. Geology and general science mission. Two week sortie.

• American - Terry Mitchel (Border collie)
• American - Arthur Davenport (Caracal)
• ESA (France) - Jacques Girard (Beech marten)
• Canadian - Charles "Bugs" Jones (Snowshoe hare)
  • Failure - Launch proceeded normally until 64 seconds into the flight, at which point the vehicle exploded. Failure was caused by a manufacturing fault in the liquid oxygen tubopump feeding engine 1 on the first stage of the Jupiter launcher. The defect caused a failure and subsequent explosion of the turbopump, which led to damage to other components, triggering an automatic abort. The launch escape system successfully pulled the Orion MPCV from the booster and the crew landed in the Atlantic suffering only acceleration injuries. This marks the second ever manned use of a launch escape system in flight, the second failure of a Jupiter launcher and the first failure involving a crew. Program placed on hold while investigation was in progress, however, launches resumed when other turbopumps were replaced and cleared for flight following improved safety checks. Crew reassigned to Phoenix 22.

Phoenix 19 (CM: Quartz, LM: Gold)

3-6-15. Manned. Lunar base crew rotation. Landing at Shackleton crater.

• American - Sebastian Brock (Dhole)
• American - Jarod Spearing (Wolf)
• Australian - Daniel Wyman (Kangaroo)
• Emirati - Ikraam Mohammed (Fennec)
  • One day prior to Phoenix 20's landing date, Jarod Spearing was diagnosed with appendicitis. Dr. Samir Mankar, with assistance from the flight surgeon in Louisiana communicating via video, successfully removed Spearing's appendix. This is the first instance of surgery ever performed in space. Mission was extended by a month beyond the original planned surface liftoff date to allow Spearing time to recover.

Phoenix 20 (CM: Union, LM: Dawn)

8-8-15. Manned. Lunar base crew rotation. Landing at Shackleton crater.

• American - Lamar Crouppen (Binturong)
• American (NASA) - Eddie Caruso (Clouded leopard)
• South Korean - Dong Moon (Amur leopard)
• ISRO - Samir Mankar (Macaque)

Phoenix 21

1-15-16. Manned. Lunar base crew rotation. Landing at Shackleton crater.

• American - Brad Mellen (Golden retriever)
• RKA (Kazakhstan) - Anatoly Vladimirovich Zamolodchikov (Corsac fox)
• ESA (Norway) - Odd Andreassen (Polar bear)
• Brazil - Gonçalo Radamanto (Iguana)
  • Starting with this flight, separate names for the Orion capsule and Altair lander on each mission were ended.

Phoenix 22

3-15-16. Manned. Landing at Tycho crater, targeting Surveyor 7 site. Lunar rover. Geology and general science mission. Two week sortie. Mission re-launch of Phoenix 18, due to launch abort.

• American - Terry Mitchel (Border collie)
• American - Arthur Davenport (Caracal)
• ESA (France) - Jacques Girard (Beech marten)
• Canadian - Charles "Bugs" Jones (Snowshoe hare)
  • This mission is the only time other than STS-94 where two missions with more than one crewmember had exactly the same crew. Following this flight, normal Phoenix Program sortie flights resumed following hiatus caused by Ares Program launches.

Phoenix 23

6-13-16. Manned. Lunar base crew rotation. Landing at Shackleton crater. Launch originally scheduled for 6-7-16; delayed due to Tropical Storm Colin.

• ESA (Austria) - Hans Landrut (Bloodhound)
• American - Ripley Leach (Bobcat)
• Russian - Vlasi Orlov (Siberian tiger)
• Canadian - Cavan Fournier (Grizzly bear)

Phoenix 24

11-14-16. Manned. Lunar base crew rotation. Landing at Shackleton crater.

• American - Samantha "Sammy" Fleming (Rabbit)
• American - Mike Horowitz (Bengal tiger)
• ESA (Germany) - Lisa Weiss (Stoat)
• Emirati - Mahir Karim (Honey badger)
  • Lisa Weiss is the first female German astronaut. Oliver Karlsson (ESA - Sweden) was originally selected as MS1, but suffered a broken leg in a mountain climbing accident in Colorado 6 months before the mission.

Phoenix 25

2-8-17. Manned. Landing at Peary crater, targeting Phoenix 12 landing site. Geology and general science mission. Two week sortie. Mission will attempt to reuse Phoenix 12's lunar rover by replacing batteries and electronics if needed.

• American - Donald Hurley (Labrador Retriever)
• American - Herb Simmons (Dalmatian)
• Russian - Sergey Zubarev (West Siberian Laika)
• JAXA - Noboru Akiyama (Bengal tiger)
  • This mission is the first completely "veteran" lunar crew, with all crew members having flown on at least one Phoenix mission. It is also the first mission in which two crew members (Hurley and Akiyama) have landed at the same location as a mission to which they were earlier assigned. Finally, it is the first lunar sortie mission to land at the same location as a prior mission, as missions to Tycho targeted different areas of the crater.

Phoenix 26

5-2-17. Manned. Lunar base crew rotation. Landing at Shackleton crater.

• American - Mark Collins (German Shepherd)
• ESA (England) - Max Blackburn (Welsh polecat)
• American (NASA) - Kenneth Rogers (Tiger)
• ESA (Italy) - Carla Scordato (Red squirrel)

Phoenix 27

10-28-17. Manned. Lunar base crew rotation. Landing at Shackleton crater.

• American - Jessica Dempsey (Raccoon)
• American - Arthur Cohen (Lion)
• Russian - Ivan Abramoff (Fox)
• ESA (Ireland) - Archie Spalding (Fell pony)
  • Archie Spalding is both the first equine and Irish astronaut.

Phoenix 28

1-15-18. Manned. Landing at Alphonsus. Lunar rover. Geology and general science mission. Two week sortie.

• American - David Hawthorne (Leopard)
• American (NASA) - Ren Garfield (Tigon)
• Canadian - Gloria Rogers (Dalmatian)
• American - Adam Reeves (Eastern chipmunk)
  • Adam Reeves was originally slated to be MS2 on Phoenix 25, but was replaced by Noboru Akiyama due to appendicitis 1 month before launch.

Phoenix 29

3-7-18. Manned. Lunar base crew rotation. Landing at Shackleton crater.

• American - Kenneth Wilkinson (Stoat)
• American - Charlie Daigle (Opossum)
• ESA (Germany) - Alex Fuchs (Leonberger)
• American - Judy McNeil (River otter)

Phoenix 30

X-X-18. Manned. Lunar base crew rotation. Landing at Shackleton crater.

• Russian - Tatiana Bocharova (Amur Leopard)
• X - X (Husky)
• American (NASA) - Luke Richland (Coyote)
• American - X. McGregor (Cheetah)

Phoenix 35

3-13-20. Manned. Lunar base crew rotation. Landing at Shackleton crater.

• American - Sherman Payton (Belgian Malinois)
• Russian - Vsevolod Krivokrasov (Siberian tiger)
• American (NASA) - Jacob Jasper (Ring-tailed lemur)
• JAXA - Naomi Sugiyama (Sika deer)
  • Failure - During powered descent to land at the lunar base, the Altair module began to pitch over normally, however it did not stop pitching over and continued to pitch forward. CDR Payton initiated an abort as the vehicle passed 59 degrees from vertical. The ascent module then began to roll and entered into phugoid oscillations for approximately 6 seconds before the abort software successfully pulled the spacecraft onto the proper trajectory for a rendezvous with the Orion MPCV. The descent module impacted the floor of Shackleton Crater approximately 7 kilometers from the lunar base. The crew returned to Earth safely. Lunar landing missions were placed on hold during an internal investigation and a complete review of the Altair's software was ordered. The problem was eventually traced to a modification in the radar system and a change to the landing profile intended for use on the Block 3 Altair which caused an unexpected error on descent. Phoenix 34 was extended during the investigation, eventually returning to Earth after a 13 month mission to the lunar base.